Arctic warming fundamentals

It is apparent that the Arctic is warming more than two times faster than the global average. This phenomenon – known as “Arctic amplification” – is causing drastic changes in the Arctic and has also been linked to extreme weather events in the mid-latitudes of the northern hemisphere.

Syukuro Manabe

Late in 1966, in the United States Weather Bureau computer lab, a Japanese immigrant named Syukuro Manabe would be the first to quantify the relationship between carbon dioxide and the temperature of Earth’s atmosphere.

Melting sea ice linked to fire hazards

A new study finds that low Arctic sea ice levels during July to October have knock-on impacts in the atmosphere that push the jet stream northwards. This tends to bring hotter and drier conditions in the western US over the following autumn, resulting in more frequent and intense fires in the region.

How close are climate tipping points

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has warned that surpassing 2 degrees celsius of warming could have catastrophic consequences and that we need to keep global warming to 1.5 degrees celsius. 

Climate safety valve

Scientists at the University of Southhampton have discovered that large chains of volcanoes have been responsible for both emitting and then removing atmospheric carbon dioxide over geological time thus stabilizing temperatures at Earth’s surface.