Arctic salinity

Researchers at the Barcelona Expert Center (BEC) of the Institut de Ciencies del Mar (ICM-CSIS) have improved their marine circulation prediction in the Arctic with satellite derived salinity measurements.

Accelerating melt in Greenland

Researchers have observed extremely high rates of melting at the bottom of the Greenland Ice Sheet, caused by massive quantities of meltwater falling from the surface to the base. As the meltwater falls, heat is generated in a process like the hydroelectric power generated by large dams.

Arctic warming fundamentals

It is apparent that the Arctic is warming more than two times faster than the global average. This phenomenon – known as “Arctic amplification” – is causing drastic changes in the Arctic and has also been linked to extreme weather events in the mid-latitudes of the northern hemisphere.

Early general circulation models

Climate is made by the general circulation of the atmosphere and the global pattern of air movements. Many meteorologists believed that shifts in this pattern were the main cause of climate change. 

Ocean becoming more stable

When scientists talk about the stability of the ocean, they refer to how much the different layers of the ocean mix with each other. A recent study analyzed over a million samples and found that, over the past five decades, the stability of the ocean increased at a rate six times faster than expected.